Top Things to Know: Evidence for Therapeutic Patient Education Interventions to Promote Cardiovascular Patient Self-Management
Published: July 19, 2017
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality and disability in the United States.
- According to NHANES 2011 – 2014 data, an estimated 92.1 million Americans have more than one type of CVD and the mortality for total CVD in 2014 was over 800,000.1
- Therapeutic patient education (TPE) is an approach to facilitate patient and family learning about the treatment of disease and the adoption of self-management behaviors and lifestyles to improve physical and psychological health outcomes (e.g. biomarkers, quality of life).
- The purpose of this paper was to review and analyze published research studies of TPE for self-management in selected cardiovascular (CV) conditions and then to understand the most beneficial approaches to implementing TPE.
- Healthcare reforms have increasingly shifted responsibility for self-management to patients and families as hospital stays and ambulatory visits have become shorter and less frequent.
- The goal of TPE is to improve health outcomes, including preventing avoidable complications.
- Self-management of CVD and other chronic diseases requires patients to have (1) knowledge of their disease process and management, (2) self-management skills to apply this knowledge to their daily life, and (3) confidence that they can sustain self-management behaviors to maintain and improve their health status.
- The selected cardiac populations analyzed for this paper include: CVD (acute coronary artery syndrome (ACS), hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and CVD treatments (coronary artery bypass graft surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention.
- Three questions were assessed in the integrative review of the literature:
- What TPE interventions have been used to promote self-management in select CV populations?
- What is the impact of TPE for self-management on outcomes for select CV populations?
- How are common barriers to implementing TPE for CV patients managed?
- Several variables for successful implementation of TPE for self-management are discussed, and recommendations are made for implementing TPE directed toward self-management in clinical practice.
Citation
Barnason S, White-Williams C, Rossi LP, Centeno M, Crabbe DL, Lee KS, McCabe N, Nauser J, Schulz P, Stamp K, Wood K; on behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Lifelong Congenital Heart Disease and Heart Health in the Young; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Stroke Council. Evidence for therapeutic patient education interventions to promote cardiovascular patient self-management: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association [published online ahead of print June 19, 2017]. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes, doi: 10.1161/HCQ.0000000000000025.